Portrayals of Power in Suzanne Collins’ The Hunger Games and Veronica Roth’s Divergent Novels: A Comparative Study

Abstract. This research aims to compare power aspects portrayed by the main character in The Hunger Games and Divergent novels and see the similarities and differences between those two novels. The object of this research is Suzanne Collins’ The Hunger Games and Veronica Roth’s Divergent Novels. The researchers use descriptive qualitative as the method of the study. The researchers used Karlberg's (2005) theory to conduct this research. The researchers classified the characteristic of power into Power as Domination (there are 5 types) and Power as Capacity (there are 4 types) to get the data. The other elements that help the researchers easier to collect the data that can be compared are using the novel's intrinsic elements. The result shows Katniss (The Hunger Games) and Tris (Divergent) as the main character, they have power on some points. Some points of the power from those novels have similar portrayals such as Power as Domination in Position, Power as Domination in Knowledge, Power as Domination in Experience, Power as Domination in Gender, Power as Capacity in Anger, Power as Capacity in Bravery, and Power as Capacity in Disappointed. Few points show if those two books have different portrayals, such as the point of Power as Domination in Age and Power as Capacity in Worrying. So, based on the research and the result shown, The Hunger Games and Divergent are thought of as the same novels because some power portrayals from those novels are similar. This research aims to compare power aspects portrayed by the main character in The Hunger Games and Divergent novels and see the similarities and differences between those two novels. The object of this research is Suzanne Collins’ The Hunger Games and Veronica Roth’s Divergent Novels. The researchers use descriptive qualitative as the method of the study. The researchers used Karlberg's (2005) theory to conduct this research. The researchers classified the characteristic of power into Power as Domination (there are 5 types) and Power as Capacity (there are 4 types) to get the data. The other elements that help the researchers easier to collect the data that can be compared are using the novel's intrinsic elements. The result shows Katniss (The Hunger Games) and Tris (Divergent) as the main character, they have power on some points. Some points of the power from those novels have similar portrayals such as Power as Domination in Position, Power as Domination in Knowledge, Power as Domination in Experience, Power as Domination in Gender, Power as Capacity in Anger, Power as Capacity in Bravery, and Power as Capacity in Disappointed. Few points show if those two books have different portrayals, such as the point of Power as Domination in Age and Power as Capacity in Worrying. So, based on the research and the result shown, The Hunger Games and Divergent are thought of as the same novels because some power portrayals from those novels are similar.


INTRODUCTION
Many social issues like feminism, gender discrimination, rebellion, different ideologies were raised into a story. Not forgetting that the issue of power is also raised in the story. One social issue called "power" gives impacts on many things, either in our minds, our perspective, or our life. According to Robert A. Dahl's definition, power defined in terms of a relationship between people and is expressed in simple symbolic notation (Lukes, 2015). From that definition was developing a statement of power comparability or the relative degree of power held by two or more persons. There is also Friedrich Nietzsche, one of the most significant figures in early theories of 11 Wandansari et al. Portrayals of Power in Suzanne Collins' The Hunger Games and Veronica Roth's Divergent Novels: A Comparative study power who introduced "The Concept of The Will to Power, or the ambition to achieve one's desires" (Soll, 2015). Those was a few ways to describes power. Hancock (2006) defines literature as written work, it can be of fiction and non-fiction in which the progress and compositional excellence in the art of writing are higher priorities than are considerations of profit or commercial attraction. Like the social issues mentioned above are mostly raised into a story either through songs, films, or literature. In this research, the researchers will discuss the issue called power raised in literature. Literature has a definition as a body of written works. This name used to describe "the imaginative works of poetry and prose distinguished by the intentions of their authors and the excellence of their execution". (Encyclopedia Britannica, Micropedia). Meanwhile, in most cases, Klarer (2004) said literature called as a representation of the whole, "written expression, with the restriction that not every written document can be categorized as literature in the more exact sense of the word." (Klarer, 2004) The researchers use the novel as the object of research. The novel is a narrative text of prose with a long shape that including some figures and fictional events. There are intrinsic elements of a novel such as a theme, setting, characterization, plot, point of view, etc (Nurgiyantoro, 2015). Meanwhile, Encyclopedia Britannica defines a novel as" an invented prose narrative of a great length and a particular complexity that imaginatively relates to human experience, usually, the event delivers through a connected sequence of events involving a group of persons in a specific setting." (2021) For this research, the researchers choose two novels. The first novel is a novel written by American writer Suzanne Collins' The Hunger Games. Based on Wikipedia, The Hunger Games is a 2008 dystopian novel and this is the first book of the trilogy novels. The first published of the book in hardcover in the United States on September 14, 2008, by Scholastic, featuring a cover designed by Tim O'Brien. This novel is narrated by a 16 years old girl that lives in the future, postapocalyptic nation of Panem in North America, named Katniss Everdeen. The Hunger Games has been translated into 26 languages, and publishing rights have been sold in 38 territories. This novel is the first in The Hunger Games trilogy, followed by Catching Fire (Collins, 2009) and Mockingjay (Collins, 2010). This novel won many awards, which includes the California Young Reader Medal. Because of many achievements, this novel named one of Publishers Weekly's "Best Books of the Year" in 2008.
The other book that used by the researchers entitled Divergent. This book was written by the novelist named Veronica Roth as her debut novel. It published by Harper Collins Children's Books in 2011. Based on Wikipedia, this novel is the first of the Divergent trilogy followed by Insurgent (Roth, 2012) as the second book, and the last is Allegiant (Roth, 2013). The Divergent is a series of young adult dystopian novels set in a Divergent Universe. This novel portrays a postapocalyptic version of Chicago. As the first book of Veronica Roth's, it has been sold more than 32 million copies worldwide. This novel also won as the Favorite Book and Best Young Adult Fantasy & Science Fiction Book in Goodreads Choice Awards 2011.
Using those two books, the researchers will use a comparative approach to analyze the problem of the study. Based on D 'haen, Domínguez, & Thomsen (2012: 57), "comparative literature is a field of academics dealing with the literature of two or more different linguistic, cultural, or nation groups" (Sangia, 2018). However Remak (Wahyudi, 2008) states that ".Comparative literature. is a literary study that gets through. the boundaries of a country as well as the relationship between literature. and the field of other knowledge. and beliefs". In simply way to conclude the meaning of comparative literature is the comparison between one literary work  (Budiman & Listyarini, 2017). By using the approach, the researchers will compare the power aspect portrayed in Suzanne Collins' The Hunger Games and Veronica Roth's Divergent novels.
The researchers chose those books because both books have the same genre that is a young adult and dystopian book. By seeing the story inside the book, the researchers interested in that story. Each novel has the author's own style of the story even though they are in the same genre. After reading it, the researchers found one thing that could be compare because it is rather similar, that is power. In Suzanne Collins' the Hunger Games, the power aspect was portrayed well inside the novel, in Veronica Roth's Divergent the power also portrayed well. The researchers using a comparative approach to compare that. To know more about that thing, the researchers will discuss it in this research. So, the researchers decide those books and defines the power as an aspect that would be compared between those two books.

LITERATURE REVIEW
In literature review, the researchers provide an explanation of the previous research has been done by the other researcher. As the researchers know, there is no research that use Comparative Approach to The Hunger Games and Divergent novels like the researchers used in this research. Even though The Hunger Games and Divergent novels are mostly used as the object of research but implement the Comparative Approach in those two novels it would be the first time. In this part, the researchers will show the previous research that published.
The first previous research by Ismail Tahir (2017) from Malang State University entitled "The Concept of Power In Suzanne Collins' The Hunger Games". Ismail's thesis discussed "How the power in Suzanne Collins' The Hunger Games" is and aimed to identify the meaning of each power characteristic found in that novel. He used Marxist criticism as an approach to seek how the concept of power is categorized based on Karlberg's theory of the characteristic of power called the power as domination and power as capacity. As the result of the thesis, it shows if Marx's perspective through the concept of power capacity is caused by power domination. Then Marx's perspective about power domination not only occurs between upper and lower class but it also occurs among the lower class.
Literature has many kinds of works. So, it is undeniable that there will be similarities or differences in work. Even if in a work appear the similarities with another work, we still can search what is the differences between that work with another work. From that thing, we can do a comparison to see either the similarities or differences in the one and other works. However, according to Sahin (2016), comparative literature today embraces 'comparative cultural studies' that have borrowed some elements (theories and methods) from comparative literature as the argument of Totosy de Zepetnek in his article "From Comparative Literature Today Toward Comparative Cultural Studies". He describes "Comparative Cultural Studies" as an approach with three areas of theoretical content, "1. To study literature (text and/or literary system) with and in the context of culture and the discipline of cultural studies; 2. In cultural studies itself to study literature with borrowed elements (theories and methods) from comparative literature; and 3. To study culture and its composite parts and aspects in the mode of the proposed "comparative cultural studies" approach instead of the currently reigning single-language approach dealing with a topic with regard to 13 Wandansari et al. Portrayals of Power in Suzanne Collins' The Hunger Games and Veronica Roth's Divergent Novels: A Comparative study its nature and problematics in one culture only. This research will compare based on the portrayals of the ideas, the portrayal of how the character response to the condition that faced by them in the story, and the character's act under several circumstances."

METHODOLOGY
This study applies descriptive qualitative research method with the one unit of analysis on this research that is power aspects to get the similarities or differences between Suzanne Collins' The Hunger Games and Veronica Roth's Divergent novels. Using the power aspects that are portrayed in the novel which deliver how the main character in the story are fights to achieve their goals and keep alive under the government control, the researchers collected the data about power aspect. The technique to do data collection by reading the text of the novel by close reading and sees the idea related to the problem investigated. Then giving more attention to the data such as the sentences, words, that describe or show the power, the action in the novel was written. After reading more in detail, the researchers analyze and categorizes what kinds of power that portrayed by the main character in Suzanne Collins' The Hunger Games and Veronica Roth's Divergent novels.
Tahir (2017) has a concept of power by using the theory from Karlberg (2005) about the characteristic of power that consists of power as domination and power as capacity, then he used the Marxist Criticism towards the domination and capacity power. Then here is the concept of power by Tahir that used by the researchers. The power divided into like this: A. Power as Domination.
There are 5 types of Power

FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
This part provides the comparison results of the power portrayals between Suzanne Collins' The Hunger Games and Veronica Roth's Divergent novels. Below is the overall result after comparing the data from those novels. NO Power Result

Power as Domination in Position
The Hunger Games and Divergent have similar portrayals, both protagonists have power in this point.

Power as Domination in Knowledge
The protagonists from The Hunger Games and Divergent novels have power in this point. Both novels have similar portrayals about this point.

Power as Domination in Experience
Power as Domination in Experience, both protagonists have power on this point and those novels have similar portrayals.

Power as Domination in Gender
Power as Domination in Gender point, both protagonists have no power on it and the portrayals of that point are similar.

Power as Domination in Age
The Hunger Games and Divergent novels have different portrayals of this point. Katniss has power at Power as domination in age, but Tris not.

Power as Capacity in Worrying
Both protagonists have power on point Power as Capacity in Worrying but from these two novels have different portrayals.

Power as Capacity in Anger
The Hunger Games and Divergent novels, both protagonists have similar portrayals and they have power in Power as Capacity in Anger.

Power as Capacity in Bravery
Protagonists from The Hunger Games and Divergent has power of Power as Capacity in Bravery and those both novels have similar portrayals.

Power as Capacity in Disappointed
In this point, both protagonists have power. The Hunger Games and Divergent novels have a similar disappointment portrayal.
The result of this research is the novel has many portrayals about the life aspects. For example, The Hunger Games and Divergent novels that can show many powers can affect their life, even in social aspect or maybe political aspect. Like in the novel, it shows someone's position can affect in how they act to others around her or even how other will acts towards them. Then, someone's age. Someone ages can affects how they treat others around them, how they are looking at people around them, and many more that can makes someone's age has a power. The other thing that makes someone feels more powerful is gender. Gender differences greatly affect how people act towards the opposite sex. Mostly the male will feel more powerful than female. So, they mostly think if they underestimating the opposite sex is a common thing and nothing wrong by doing that thing. That proven in this discussion part of this research. There is other thing can give someone's power is knowledge. That also can make someone have power if they have a good knowledge. Experience also works like that. If someone's got more experience, they will be expert in certain things. It can make them know how to act well in certain condition. Another point of power besides domination is capacity. Someone's capacity also relates to someone's act in socializing, it has a correlation. This research mentioned capacity in worrying, bravery, anger, and disappointment. Each capacity has a different impact on someone's mind, heart, and living. Those are called power. Power takes many forms and impacts someone's life in different ways. As the theory from Karlberg (2005) that analyzed the characteristic of power which consists of power as domination and power as capacity. Below is the more explanation about the terms of overall data above. The researchers will explain the data one by one into the description below.

Power as Domination
Power as Domination describes the domination in several things that mostly focused on social and political theory.

Power as Domination in Position
As the researchers mentioned before, the protagonist of The Hunger Games novel is Katniss because Katniss is the main character who is so brave and powerful that wants to protect her sister. On the reaping day for The Hunger Games festival, Katniss's sister name, Prim was chosen. Katniss cannot believe from many names inside the glass ball, her sister was chosen. As the researchers mentioned before about the rules of The Hunger Games, every district must send a boy and a girl that chosen to be the tributes. So, as a big sister who wants to look after her little sister from a dangerous thing, Katniss sacrifices herself replacing her little sister to be the tributes from District 12. Below is the quotation from when Katniss volunteered herself before letting her sister be taken to the stage. After she said that, the escort of District 12 letting her come to the stage. "I volunteer!" I gasp. "I volunteer as tribute!" (Collins, 2008: 22) From the quotation above, we can see that Katniss has power over how she dominates the reaping event. She became the main focus of the event. As the researchers mentioned before, District 12 is the poorest district where the protagonist lives, and the poorer people more possible to be the tribute for the Hunger Games that held by The Capitol. Then, when the Hunger Games begin, Katniss was looked for by the other tributes. They want to kill Katniss because she is a tough rival and they feel threatened by her existence. So, if they can kill Katniss, they have more possibility to be the winner of the Hunger Games. Below is the quotation when the other tributes found Katniss. Katniss seems hopeless because she had been found by the other tributes but they cannot kill Katniss because she was on the high tree. They cannot climb a high tree as Katniss did. Katniss saw a murderous aura appear on their faces. "This could be it, I think. What chance do I have against them? All six are there, the five Careers and Peeta, and my only consolation is they're pretty beat-up, too. Even so, look at their weapons. Look at their faces, grinning and snarling at me, a sure kill above them. It seems pretty hopeless. But then something else registers. They're bigger and stronger than I am, no doubt, but they're also heavier." (Collins, 2008: 181) ""Here, take this, Cato," says the girl from District 1, and she offers him the silver bow and sheath of arrows." (Collins, 2008: 182)  Above is the proof of how the other tributes trying to kill Katniss even Katniss stay on the high tree. Initially, Katniss does not know if she was being hunted by a group of tributes. She just runs away in the Hunger Games arena and hiding from the other tributes without killing others. Then she suddenly understands after that group brings Peeta with them as a prisoner. They used Peeta to easier their way to find Katniss. So, after they kill Katniss and she died, they can win easily.
While in the Divergent novel, Beatrice or Tris is the protagonist. She is the protagonist because she is the main character of the story that so braves like it is shown in the quotation below. She said that she can't be controlled even though she is a Divergent.
"I am Divergent. And I can't be controlled." (Roth, 2011: 442) Another portrayal of Tris that dominant is when she joins her new faction, Dauntless. Like the researchers mention in internal conflict of Tris, Tris was moved from the Abnegation into Dauntless and she must work so hard to be the member. As a new initiate, she did her best in many training that held by the Dauntless leader to makes her become the Dauntless member by having a good rank. But the other initiates feel threatened by her good ability that makes her got the high ranks than others. Like the quotation below shows how Peter feels threatened by Tris that has a higher rank than him. He is upset if he was outranked by Tris.
"Peter turns slowly, every limb infused with tension. A glare would have been less threatening than the look he gives me-a look of pure hatred. He walks toward his bunk, but at the last second, he whips around and shoves me against a wall, a hand on each of my shoulders." ""I will not be outranked by a Stiff," he hisses, his face so close to mine I can smell his stale breath. "How did you do it, huh? How the hell did you do it?"" (Roth, 2011:267) From the explanation above, the classification as the Power as Domination in Position shows the data from The Hunger Games and Divergent have similar portrayals, both protagonists have power in that point. Actually, the position is the thing that shows how someone will act in society also as a thing to see how someone's role in society. So, we can conclude if everyone can be dominant everywhere. It not just by having a higher position to be dominant but their position in a group can also be the dominant one. Like Katniss and Tris. Even they do not have a higher position, their existence with a good ability and their strength can make others worried, threatened, and afraid with their existence around them.

Power as Domination in Knowledge
Next, a classification Power as Domination in Knowledge. Knowledge can affect someone's act. It means, if someone has more knowledge or better education, it will affect how they will act, or maybe it would be a chance for them to give orders.
In The Hunger Games novel, Katniss knows some things about Hunger Games event and all inside the arena because she already sees the Hunger Games event before in the television. The Hunger Games event was airing every year. As someone with that knowledge, Katniss warns herself to understand the situation and be careful with the environment around the arena. Based on Katniss's knowledge, after she understands the situation, she won't act recklessly. Below is the proof on how understands Katniss with the Hunger Games event. There must be many bizarre animals like it is shown in the quotation below and the explanation about the Hunger Games arena before.

17
Wandansari et al. Portrayals of Power in Suzanne Collins' The Hunger Games and Veronica Roth's Divergent Novels: A Comparative study "But these are the Hunger Games, and ordinary isn't the norm. More likely they will be one of the Capitol's muttations, tracker jackers. Like the jabberjays, these killer wasps were spawned in a lab and strategically placed, like land mines, around the districts during the war. Larger than regular wasps, they have a distinctive solid gold body and a sting that raises a lump the size of a plum on contact. Most people can't tolerate more than a few stings. Some die at once. If you live, the hallucinations brought on by the venom have actually driven people to madness." (Collins, 2008: 185) The other portrayals of how knowledgeable Katniss in the story is when she helps Peeta (The male tribute from District 12) that injured. Before the games begin, Katniss worried if she would be killed by Peeta. But in the middle of the Hunger Games, the Game makers changes the rule and said if the game can be win by the tributes from the same district that standings together until the end of the game. So, the tributes who are still alive in the arena can fight together until the game over with their partner from the same districts. That is why Katniss looking for Peeta around the arena to stand together. Then she meets Peeta with injured condition like that. Below is the quotation when Katniss lets Peeta wash himself to know which part of him that injured. So, she can treat Peeta's injury based on her knowledge. "Let's get you in the stream, wash you off so I can see what kind of wounds you've got," I say. (Collins, 2008: 253) From the explanations about the point of Power as Domination in Knowledge in The Hunger Games novel, we can see if Katniss has power in that point. She has good knowledge that can make her can survive when she was in the Hunger Games arena. Even she can help her partner from the same tributes when the rules of the Hunger Games changes.
Then about Divergent. Tris from Divergent novel has good knowledge. She knows what she will do in an urgent situation. Like the researchers mentions in the external conflict before if Jeanine plans a war towards the Abnegation. Jeanine used the orange serum that injected to the Dauntless members. After the serum injected, she controls their brain to follow what she ordered which means attacking the Abnegation. At that moment, all the Dauntless already sleepwalking because of that serum but the serum does not work for Tris and Four because they are Divergent. So, Tris with Four trying to help Tris' parents from that war. But in the way they were helping Tris' parents, Eric found if they were not affected by the serum. Eric arrests Tris and Four. Then Jeanine knows that thing and Four arrested to be her specimens for the special Divergent serum. Meanwhile, Tris was saved by his mother and they escaped from there. On the way they were escaping, Tris' mother was killed, and then she runs alone to the safe place. In the safe place, there are her father and brother, also Marcus Eaton (Four's father). Tris thinking about how to fix the mess. Then she leads them to escapes from the city and makes a strategy to end the war. Tris brings her father, her brother, and Marcus Eaton to the Dauntless' place because she believes with Jeanine's statement that she will bring Four into the control room. Then she goes to the control room to destroy the data. Below is the quotation that shows how Tris realized Jeanine's plans, then she goes to the control room and destroys that. ""It's…" I frown. Jeanine. Jeanine was talking about something important when Tobias and I came into her office, important enough to hang up on someone. You can't just leave it undefended. And then, when she was sending Tobias away: Send him to the control room. The control room where Tobias used to work. With the Dauntless security monitors. And the Dauntless computers. "It's at Dauntless headquarters," I say. "It makes sense. That's where all the data about the Dauntless is stored, so why not control them from there?"" (Roth, 2011: 453)  After knowing that, Tris, her father, her brother, and Marcus goes to the Dauntless headquarters. She is the one who knows all about Dauntless. So, she can lead and ordered others to follow her plans. Below is the proof on how Tris leads them because of her knowledge about Dauntless place.
""Dad, you go," I say, stepping back so he can stand by the edge. If he and Marcus go first, I can time it so they have to jump the shortest distance. Hopefully Caleb and I can jump far enough to make it, because we're younger. It's a chance I have to take." "The train tracks curve, and when they line up with the edge of the roof, I shout, "Jump!" My father bends his knees and launches himself forward. I don't wait to see if he makes it. I shove Marcus forward and shout, "Jump!"" (Roth, 2011:458) The explanation above shows Tris has a good knowledge that can make her has power to leads other people. The more knowledgeable someone, the more suggestions or advice they are giving to others. Although sometimes their advice sounds like an order. So, based on the data from The Hunger Games and Divergent novels, both have similar portrayals about the point of Power as Domination in Knowledge. The protagonist has power in this point.

Power as Domination in Experience
Third, classification Power as Domination in Experience. Experience is a part of someone's life because it was a thing that happened in someone's life. Everyone will have different experiences, it would be the various experiences.
In The Hunger Games story, Katniss has more experience in how to protect her little sister than her mother. Katniss is a protective sister that always does everything to keep her sister safe. So, Katniss told her mother to help her by protecting her little sister and never leaves her because she can't do that when she joined the Hunger Games event. Below is the quotation that shows Katniss reminded his mother to not leave Prim (Katniss's little sister). They must protect themselves and they must endure difficult circumstances when there was no Katniss with them. They have to get through that time. Even that also a hard time for Katniss until her voice sounds into a shout when she talked to her mother for the last time before she left District 12.
""Well, you have to help it this time. You can't clock out and leave Prim on her own. There's no me now to keep you both alive. It doesn't matter what happens. Whatever you see on the screen. You have to promise me you'll fight through it!" My voice has risen to a shout. In it is all the anger, all the fear I felt at her abandonment." (Collins, 2008: 35) There is also a quotation show how Katniss full of experience in hunting in the forest. Like Katniss did in District 12, she did hunt to fulfill her life with her family. In the Hunger Games arena, she also needs to hunt in the forest. She hunts to get the animal to eat. Below is the proof of how Katniss hunting and warns Peeta to move quietly so the rabbit can be caught.
""You've got to move more quietly," I say. "Forget about Cato, you're chasing off every rabbit in a tenmile radius." " (Collins, 2008: 314) Unlike in Divergent, someone who has experience is more likely to tell it to other people, so that person knows and is able to learn from his experience. Because that experience is very useful for the safety of other people's lives or maybe someone's future. Like Four (Dauntless Instructure) that has more experience about Divergent. He told Tris anything about being Divergent. Instead of being a dominant one because he knows more about Divergent, four just explained that thing to Tris to make sure after Tris knows that information, it can make her more careful with her act and 19 Wandansari et al. Portrayals of Power in Suzanne Collins' The Hunger Games and Veronica Roth's Divergent Novels: A Comparative study everyone around her. Tris being a dominant one because she has experience with using the gun in the moment of Erudite using the Dauntless to attack the Abnegation. Tris is the only one who can use the gun well when she helps her father, her brother, and Marcus Eaton to escape from the attack moment. So, she lets others follow her after she killed the enemy near there. Below is the proof of how Tris's experience can help her life and others. "I look like I have experienced something powerful." (Roth, 2011: 225) From Tris's experience, she has power on the point of Power as Domination in Experience. She can lead others to follow her instruction and her experience can help others to keep alive. So, the point of Power as Domination in Experience, both protagonists have power on that point and those novels have similar portrayals on how their power can let others act like they were ordered.

Power as Domination in Gender
Gender differentiates the existing rules. Like women and men have different rules and privileges. Like the quotation from The Hunger Games novel shows how Peeta (male) responds toward Katniss (female) to not be superior. It shows the contradiction if women better to not be superior. In this point, Katniss has no power domination. It shows by the quotation below when Peeta responds like that to Tris after she said: "It's lovely if only Peeta could frost someone to death". "Don't be so superior. You can never tell what you'll find in the arena". (Collins, 2008:96) From quotation above, it shows how female gender seems has no power domination in front of a man. A man will feel they have more power than woman.
Meanwhile Divergent quotation shows that Peter (male) underestimating Tris (female). Even he stated he will go easy on Tris if she is cry. It shows how harsh a male underestimating the opposite sex. Below is the quotation when Peter (The new initiate that hates Tris), underestimating Tris.
""You okay there, stiff? You look like you're about to cry. I might go easy on you if you cry."" (Roth, 2011: 109) From the explanation above, both data show responses from the opposite sex and both indicate that someone of the male gender felt superior and ultimately underestimated the opposite sex. As if it would be better for her not to behave strangely and or better show her weak side. By doing so it means that a woman is weak, a woman does not deserve to be strong and masculine because it is felt that only men are worthy of that. So, in Power as Domination in Gender point, both protagonists have no power on it and the portrayals of that point are similar. That is the female gender has no power and the male gender is the dominant one who feels only them that have power instead of female.

Power as Domination in Age
Age can influence someone's roles and acts in society. The older someone, the more acted like a senior they are. Like in The Hunger Games novel, Katniss is older than her little sister. Katniss let Prim go from the reaping ceremony because she doesn't want her little sister being the tributes of District 12. It means as an older person, she orders someone to do her command. She feels okay to command her sister to let go because she is older than her. Below is the quotation on how Katniss 20 Wandansari et al. Portrayals of Power in Suzanne Collins' The Hunger Games and Veronica Roth's Divergent Novels: A Comparative study let Prim go from there because she wants to protect her sister and she can't let Prim being the tributes for The Hunger Games. Then Katniss sacrifices herself and she doesn't want to cry.
""Prim, let go," I say harshly, because this is upsetting me and I don't want to cry"" "A warning bell goes off in my head. Don't be so stupid. Peeta is planning how to kill you, I remind myself. He is luring you in to make you easy prey. The more likable he is, the more deadly he is. " (Collins,2008:72) On the other hand, Divergent shows that Tris's anxiety for her family made her even more courageous to do everything for her family. Although actually that act also endangered herself, she thinks more about her family than her own self. Below is the quotation when Tris monologues to herself that she is trying to warn her family, but she doesn't know how to do that because she can't easily go from Dauntless to the Abnegation though.
"I have to warn my family about the war the Erudite are planning, but I don't know how. I will find a way, but not today." (Roth, 2011:379) Tris cannot avoid the war that happened to the Abnegation. Like the researchers explain before in the intrinsic elements about faction, people who left their last faction can't go back to that faction. The relationship between her recent faction and their last faction made them can't easily going anywhere to the other faction place. That is the rules that everyone must obey.
From the explanation above, we can see the person's capacity for anxiety is different, some are worried about themselves and some are more worried about others, especially their families. So, both protagonists have power on point Power as Capacity in Worrying but from these two novels have different portrayals.

Power as Capacity in Anger
About the category of Power as Capacity in Anger. The context of anger here is when someone gets angry about something, this means that someone has a strong feeling which makes him/her want to hurt others. It has the same meaning as someone will be angry when they are asked about something hurtful or unfair that happened to them (Tahir, 2017). Those two novels have similar portrayals at this point. The protagonist has power in this point. Like the data from The Hunger Games novel. Katniss is angry when others ask about her past because she thought her past was matter. So, no one deserved to know about that precious memory from Katniss. That happened when Katniss asked by Caesar (The Hunger Games' host). When she was in danger or threatened, she wouldn't say anything easily. Below is the proof on how hard Katniss keep her story hide from others, it is hard for Katniss let other know about her story. "They're already taking my future! They can't have the things that mattered to me in the past!" (Collins, 2008:117) The other portrayals of Power as Capacity in Anger from the Hunger Games novel are the moment when the President Snow giving the crown to the victory. Like in the external conflict that mentioned by the researchers before, President Snow kept his eye on Katniss until she feels strange with President Snow. She held her anger even she feels uncomfortable with that. There's just one crown, though, and you can hear the crowd's confusionwhose head will he place it on?until President Snow gives it a twist and it separates into two halves. He places the first around Peeta's brow with a smile. He's still smiling when he settles the second on my head, but his eyes, just inches from mine, are as unforgiving as a snake's." (Collins, 2008: 364) After that moment, Katniss protect herself more from President Snow and from everyone in the Capitol. That is the proof how can someone's anger can make their self-defense raising.
Meanwhile, the data from Divergent novel, Tris angry when her faction was labelled as the most violent, even though it is not the fact. As the researchers mentioned about faction before, Dauntless is the faction that has no fear in many things. They are the soldier of the factions. Quotation below is Tris's monologue after hearing her brother's responses. She newly knows how others think about her faction.
"I know exactly what it means. He sees my faction as the cruelest of the five, and nothing more." (Roth, 2011:352) The other things that make Tris angry is when she knows how sneaky Eric (The Dauntless Leader) is towards her and other dauntless. It is like the researchers mentioned before in the external conflict. Eric collaborated with Jeanine (The Erudite Leader) to make a liquid that can control others brain. Tris upset with that thing. She can't avoid when Eric injects her with that liquid. She just keeps her anger itself as it is shown in the quotation below.
"I tense up at the sight of it. The orange-brown liquid in the syringe reminds me of what they inject us with before simulations. And I am supposed to be finished with those. "At least you aren't afraid of needles," he says. "This will inject you with a tracking device that will be activated only if you are reported missing. Just a precaution." "How often do people go missing?" I ask, frowning." ""Not often." Eric smirks. "This is a new development, courtesy of the Erudite. We have been injecting every Dauntless throughout the day, and I assume all other factions will comply as soon as possible." " "My stomach twists. I can't let him inject me with anything, especially not anything developed by Eruditemaybe even by Jeanine. But I also can't refuse. I can't refuse or he will doubt my loyalty again." (Roth, 2011: 398) After Tris knowing about that liquid, she becomes braver to protect herself from being controlled by that serum and protect herself from Jeanine.
Thus, the explanation above shows that a person's anger does affect their emotions as well as their behavior/actions. Someone's anger can impact how they will act after that. From The Hunger Games and Divergent novels, both protagonists have similar portrayals and they have power in Power as Capacity in Anger.

Power as Capacity in Bravery
Then the category of Power as Capacity in Bravery. Omar N. Bradley said bravery is a capacity to perform properly even when scared half to death. Someone's bravery will increase when they feel threatened or feeling forced by the environment around them. At that time, they need to be more courageous in doing something.
In this case, Katniss volunteered herself instead of letting her younger sister as the tribute from District 12. Like the researchers mentioned before in character part. Katniss traits that she becomes braver to be volunteering herself as long as her sister keeps safe. Below is the proof that shows when Katniss volunteering herself instead of letting her little sister to be the tribute of District 12.  (Collins, 2008:22) Even when she already in the Hunger Games arena, she feels braver and confident when she has a bow with her, that is her specialty. Quotation below is the proof when she monologues to herself in the middle of her hunting moment. She convinced herself that she is a hunter now.
"Remember, I tell myself. You're the hunter now, not them. I get a firmer grasp on my bow and go on." (Collins, 2008: 214) Moreover, in Divergent, Tris who is a new Dauntless tried so hard to act like the real Dauntless. As the researchers explained before in the part about faction, Abnegation and Dauntless has different characteristic of living and behavior. Like Abnegation called as stiff, while the Dauntless as the fearless. Those differences make Tris, a person from different faction should be adapt with the recent environment around her. As a new Dauntless, she needs to be braver to keep living in Dauntless environment. She commands herself to be braver and confident with her new habit. For example, she jumps off from the train to the roof like a real Dauntless. Below is the quotation that shows Tris monologues with herself. She believes on herself if she is already a real Dauntless.
"I open my eyes. No, I was wrong; I didn't jump off the roof because I wanted to be like the Dauntless. I jumped off because I already was like them, and I wanted to show myself to them." (Roth, 2011: 263) Another Tris bravery is when she believes on herself and her Divergent status. Her Divergent status makes her braver and confident that she can't be controlled by others even though by the Erudite's serum. Like in the external conflict that mentioned by the researchers. Jeanine from Erudite makes a serum to control people's mind but it doesn't work to the Divergent people. Below is the quotation when Tris mad with the condition around her. She can't be controlled like others and she believes it because she is a Divergent.
"I am Divergent. And I can't be controlled." (Roth, 2011:442) The explanation above shows the braver someone, they will be braver to do anything as Katniss and Tris did in the novel. Both protagonists from The Hunger Games and Divergent has power of Power as Capacity in Bravery and those both novels have similar portrayals.

Power as Capacity in Disappointed
Last point, Power as Capacity in Disappointed. In The Hunger Games novel, Katniss felt disappointed because Katniss and Peeta as a team of tributes from District 12 will be locked by the game makers in the Hunger Games arena to kill each other. She is mad with the games that present them as the players of the game that presented for all the Capitol's citizens. Below is the monologue of Katniss when she is disappointed with the truth that she must be kill each other in the arena even they are from the same district. "It's not really fair to present us as a team and then lock us into the arena to kill each other". (Collins, 2008:71) The other disappointment felt by Katniss was when the Game makers made many obstacles to kill the tributes such as Katniss and Peeta who are so tough in that game. Until the end of the game, the Game makers made the mutation hunts the last standings such as Cato, Peeta, and Katniss. Cato, Peeta, and Katniss run as fast as they can then they tried to climb the Cornucopia because they believed that is the safest place. Cornucopia is the main building which support the tributes with many things even weapon like the researchers mention before in the intrinsic elements. Below is the proof on how the Game makers did everything to makes the player give up on that game. Even Katniss tried so hard to save Peeta from the mutts by send an arrow to the mutts. "Mutations. No question about it. I've never seen these mutts, but they're no natural-born animals. They resemble huge wolves, but what wolf lands and then balances easily on its hind legs? What wolf waves the rest of the pack forward with its front paw as though it had a wrist? These things I can see at a distance. Up close, I'm sure their more menacing attributes will be revealed." "Cato has made a beeline for the Cornucopia, and without question I follow him. If he thinks it's the safest place, who am I to argue? Besides, even if I could make it to the trees, it would be impossible for Peeta to outrun them on that leg -Peeta! My hands have just landed on the metal at the pointed tail of the Cornucopia when I remember I'm part of a team. " "He's about fifteen yards behind me, hobbling as fast as he can, but the mutts are closing in on him fast. I send an arrow into the pack and one goes down, but there are plenty to take its place." (Collins, 2008: 331) From that quotation, Katniss seems disappointed in what happened to her. How hard she tried to be alive and how hard the Game makers keep makes the tributes pass many hard obstacles when they were in the Hunger Games arena. They have no option to give up, they just must alive till the end of the game.
While in Divergent, Tris is disappointed with the situation that forced her to war against her family faction, Abnegation. As the researchers mentioned before in the part of internal conflict faced by Tris, Tris can't let herself join the war, especially toward the Abnegation. Abnegation is Tris's parents' faction. She chooses rather die than join the war toward the Abnegation. Below is the quotation shows about that.
"I can't wage war against Abnegation, against my family. I would rather die." (Roth, 2011:418) The quotation above shows how someone feeling disappointed that have no other choice to face a condition. Feeling disappointed makes someone unable to move or unable to fight the situation because they have no other choice. The two novels have in common that they can only feel their disappointment, but they cannot avoid the bad thing that will happen. That is why the data for point of Power as Capacity in Disappointed, both protagonists have power on that point and The Hunger Games and Divergent novels have a similar disappointment portrayal.

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
The result shows some points that has similar portrayal between The Hunger Games and Divergent The researchers would give suggestion for the other English Literature student who likes to read any novels, you can compare one novel and another to see the thing that makes those novels similar, or why several aspects are commonly used in a novel, you can also seek what things in the novels that make some people said if some of the novels are similar. The researchers hope this research can be used as a reference because the researchers know there are only a few people doing the comparative study.