When Traditional and Modern Culture Collide: Analysis of "Lathi" Song

A fusion of traditional and modern culture can produce a new mood in entertainment. One of the entertainments can be heard in music. As we all know, music is a form of expression that may introduce a culture. The research is carried out to look at the Indonesian cultural elements in Weird Genius's song "Lathi" from various perspectives. The song "Lathi" was picked as its widespread popularity in Indonesia, particularly on Tik Tok and Instagram. It was featured in a cover video and the Lathi Challenge, making it one of the most searched songs in 2020. Research results, a descriptive qualitative approach using content analysis and semiotic theory, was employed to examine each component of the data from this song. The study's main focus was the visual, verbal, and instrumental analyses. The study's outcomes revealed a variety of cultural components in the song "Lathi" that demonstrated the song's meaning or message, especially in terms of Javanese culture.


INTRODUCTION
A cultural revolution in literature and art has swept the globe. Modernism becomes the basis of a movement in art. Art is considered as a reflection of how something is perceived or experienced. It might be an emotion based on anguish, rage, or abandoned thoughts utilized to arouse people's interest. Modernism is the reality of human evolution and how society views the culture that surrounds us at any given period. Modernism is documented history (Rochetti, 2016). The culture of Indonesian society can be divided into three layers: regional or local culture, national culture, and international or global culture. There were different conflicts, disputes, and modifications of foreign culture with local, national, or vice versa with the arrival of international culture into Indonesian society (Yuliaswir & Abdullah, 2019). The three layers can blend in the arts called music.
Music is extremely important in a person's existence since it has the ability to access a person's inner world (Keray Dinçel, 2017). Music undoubtedly plays an important role in man's 37 Anggraheni et al. When Traditional and Modern Culture Collide: Analysis of "Lathi" Song daily existence with its attraction to hear. Music is now regarded as a ubiquitous media and is thought to be universal today. Even individuals who do not listen to music are exposed to it through radio and television shows and commercials that use appealing melodies to market various products and services.
Weird Genius is a songwriter best known for the song "Lathi," which is now trending. "Lathi" means "speaking" in the old Javanese language. The song's chorus portrays the story of a toxic relationship ruled by falsehoods and vanity. The song is a hybrid of contemporary music and English lyrics, with traditional Javanese instruments providing traditional components (Antika et al., 2020). This study aims to look at the Javanese cultural elements in Weird Genius' song "Lathi." The data is then analyzed using a quantitative way to analyze this song.

LITERATURE REVIEW
From the nineteenth century until the present, modern literature reflects a period of time (Rochetti, 2016). Art is an essential component of the human civilization system, constantly evolving due to culture, technology, and science advances. As part of the arts, music can communicate with others. One of the goals of music is to communicate.
Some scholars analyzed music through semiotics, Tarasti, E. (2012). The book entitled "Myth and music: A semiotic approach to the aesthetics of myth in music, especially that of Wagner, Sibelius, and Stravinsky," tried to investigate the relationship between myth and semiotics. Although his research may have a specific anthropological basis, its emphasis is on the Western art music tradition. Moreover, the conclusion was that myth and music open new perspectives. Skeide (2021), in "Music to My Ears: A Material-semiotic Analysis of Fetal Heart Sounds in Midwifery Prenatal Care," analyzed that three orchestrations are compared based on ethnographic experiences. In which three different instruments assist audiences in listening to what becomes fetal heartbeat music and qualifying fetal and pregnant life in connection to one another. The audible heartbeat music indicates a youngster needing parental love and care to listen in the Doppler-based orchestration. The Pinard horn creates esoteric fetal music that can be enjoyed by the midwife alone as a talented instrumentalist and aids in the enactment of a kid hidden in the belly. Antika et al. (2020) in "Analisis Makna Denotasi, Konotasi, Mitos pada Lagu "Lathi" Karya Weird Genius" reveal the denotation, connotation, and myth in Lathi Song. This research had the same object of this research. The different things are about the semiotics that is chosen to analyze. Antika et al. (2020) used Roland Barthes's theory, and this research used content analysis and Saussure's dyadic.
According to all previous studies, were already mentioned that music and semiotic analysis able to create new perspectives, to get something new. So, it is time to stand Saussure's Dyadic semiotics and content analysis to analyze "Lathi" song, a masterpiece from Indonesian musician to know the reason and meaning of particulars symbols of Javanese culture which blended with modern music.

METHODOLOGY
Integrating the many components of research projects cohesively and coherently is referred to as research design. In general, there are a few different types of study designs. The qualitative technique was utilized to collect data for this study, which was based on the study's purpose. The observation was used to collect the data in this study. In the "Lathi" song, semiotics was employed to reveal the significance of each symbol.
The data used in this study were collected from a music video entitled "Lathi" and song lyrics by Weird Genius, which has a 3.06-minute music video duration. This song was released on 27 February 2020. The lyrics of this song were written by Weird Genius and Sara Fajria. In collecting data, searching the original or official music video and lyrics is a must. There are several steps in analyzing the data resources as follows: 1. Gathering the data Find the original or official video music on YouTube. The supporting data is also the important information from the open-access journal and website.

Identifying the data
Begin by analyzing the music video's cultural aspects (verbal, visual, and instrumental). Semiotic type is also decided to reveal the meaning of the symbols.

Analysis and classifying the data
The following stage analyzes and categorizes the data resources by cultural element (verbal, visual, and instrumental).

Inferring the data
Based on the previous analysis, the researchers will conclude. Content analysis was the data analysis technique employed by the researchers. One of the most prevalent qualitative research approaches is content analysis. According to Cohen et al., 2002, the content analysis focuses on language and linguistic aspects, meaning in context, and is methodical and verifiable. Stemler (2015) mentions the content analysis that has become the most powerful tool in the researcher's kit. There are three focuses in analyzing the content of the resources data, as follows: a. Visual Analysis This study's resource data conveys the visual analysis through the music video. It consists of facial expression, physical appearance, clothing, the color of the background, and video shooting technique. The music video can be accessed. b. Verbal Analysis The lyrics of this song become the source of this study. The verbal analysis of this study relies on Halliday's theory of transitivity (1978). The lyrics with cultural aspects will be chosen to analyze. c. Instrument Analysis Instrumental analysis is generally focused on its music based on dense instrumentation and sparse instrumentation that affects the hearer's emotions, and other instruments affect the hearer's subconscious.

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Anggraheni et al. When Traditional and Modern Culture Collide: Analysis of "Lathi" Song

FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
Weird Genius choreographed this song with an Indonesian, incredibly modern and Javanese traditional feel. This is demonstrated in the video clip, which depicts several Javanese cultures below in Table 1. The song's culture was investigated in this study. Using content analysis, the researcher carried out three types of research. This research is primarily concerned with verbal, visual, and instrumental analyses. Researchers discovered multiple civilizations in the song as a result of their research.

Verbal Analysis
The lyrics of the "Lathi" song describe what a person says might be used to determine his or her attitude. Weird Genius simply uses the aphorism from the first point of "Ajining diri ana ing lathi" in the song. The words come twice in the song, at 00:58-01:08 and 02:18:02:29 minutes, respectively. The song's lyrics demonstrate that self-respect is contingent on what is uttered. Speech is a promise that will turn into an obligation, and speech is a person's image. Others will judge us based on how we communicate what we say with our lips. The lyrics are inspired by the Javanese proverb "Ajining diri ana ing lathi, Ajining raga ana ing busono." The complete lyric is as follows:

Instrument Analysis
Based on the study, the researchers discovered that the song Weird Genius included gamelan instruments, based on the study's focus on the instrumental portion of music. Almost the entire song is spent listening to the gamelan's variety of sounds. Then gamelan is mixed with current music that still includes gamelan music. Modern music blended with gamelan instruments can bring the audiences' imagination to the women's world full of love and anger. Gamelan instruments also gave the mystics atmosphere, and it is epic with traditional and modern dancers to reflect the woman's act.

Semiotics Analysis
This study used Saussure semiotics to reveal the real meaning of each symbol in the song. According to Saussure quotes by Sobur in his book Semiotics Communication, semiotics or semiology is a science that examines the life of signs in society (Sobur, 2009, p. 12). Video music is a kind of moving image. A film or moving image should be judged artistically and semiotically, not rationally. If it is rationally judged, a film or moving image may be worthless because it has no specific purpose and meaning (Mudjiono,2020). According to Saussure, a sign cannot be delivered without a marker. The sign or marked sign includes its sign and is thus a linguistic factor. The process of a sign or marker will produce an external reality or sign. Language signs always have two facets: signifiers and signs (signified). Signification is a relationship between these two, and the value of any sign is determined by its relationship with other signs in the system (Chandler 2002). According to the Saussure model, the signifier and the signified are inseparable components of a sign, and the relationship between them is the signification. Linguistic sign, according to Saussure, unites a notion with a sound, image, or gesture rather than an object and a name Several Javanese traditions have chosen to meet the song's meaning, dance, and music; of course, it has its purpose. The song becomes symbols or signs to show the hearers or audiences' sadness, hate, anger, disappointment, and regret.

Signifier Signified
Lathi (word) Every single creature has its tongue to speak and communicate. It has become a symbol of communication or words or promises given to other people.

Sad expression
The song's opening shows sad expressions, and it is an introduction and clue about the song's story.
Modern Dancer active movement depicts the fast movement of time.
Male model seduces the singer. It describes the behavior of a man who loves a woman but finally hurts her.
Suffering from the iron chain on her neck and bleeding The chain around the neck is interpreted as a snare of love that shackles an innocent woman. Love that even makes the woman feel shackled and hurt and bleed over the shackles of love.
Suffering from the iron chain and Black smoke The sadness and pain. Black smoke gives the impression of a state that turns dark or evil, synonymous with death and the mystery behind its power.

Change into demon
The side of a woman's face that has let her down portrays anger; turning herself into a cold-hearted, heartless, hurtful person can turn a shackled innocent character into someone strong to repay the heartache received.
Sing with the black smoke background. Expressing the dark feeling changes to reach the peak of emotion.

Dalang
The meaning of dalang is that life looks like a play. Many characters play and take part in our lives. As a puppet, we have to face the possibility of our life. Saussure's theoretical approach helps know the sign system and how it works in this music video. This poster's verbal and nonverbal signs represent a meaning or referent or external reality. The" Lathi" song is a song that talks about toxic relationships. This work tells about the inner side of a woman in love-a woman born innocent breaks all rules because everything is seen as empty and denies all truth. Everything has changed, and the change happens for a reason. Love that is lived describes the situation of a woman who is shackled by chains with a bloody body. Even though the purpose of love is to get happiness, it is precisely love that turns her into a cold heart and heartless. A person's self-esteem is on his tongue or words; Lathi here symbolizes it. However, because Lathi finally made an innocent woman shackled by love change him from an innocent woman to like a vengeful demon. Most of the song lyrics directly express women's feelings.

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Various Indonesian cultural traits in the "Lathi" song were discovered during the research. The song's choreography includes a dalang, leathered horse (kuda lumping), traditional dance (Tari gambyong), and shadow puppets (wayang kulit) employed as the proper symbols of life. In addition, this "Lathi" song contains elements of gamelan instruments and Javanese phrases. The song is contemporary, combining local culture with contemporary elements. To put it another way, this song with a current premise blends art and culture. It is hoped that many young generations and communities should be aware of the value of cultural ethics. The chosen Javanese culture was epic to present and blend with modern music and love stories. Dalang shows that life looks like a play. Many characters play and take part in our lives. As a puppet, we have to face the possibility of our life. "Lathi" itself has a dept meaning of the importance to keep our promise and say the good things to communicate with the others. Moreover, the diversity of cultures contributes to our country's cultural richness, serving as a significant capital for developing a national culture that is both personable and conscious of its surroundings (Wijatmaka, 2012). Indonesia's cultural and natural wealth must be handled for the country to flourish and develop by utilizing the potential of the surrounding community through a public development model. Local cultural values and expertise, which have long been established, may always be preserved and promoted as an essential development resource. Javanese culture and Nusantara culture can also be incredible if blended with modern and suitable.