Pengaruh Penambahan Residu Jus Jeruk terhadap Sifat Fisikokimia dan Organoleptik Konnyaku untuk Penderita Obesitas
Abstract
Based on RISKESDAS 2018, the incidence of obesity in Indonesia has increased from 10.5% (2007) to 21.8% (2018) (Ministry of Health RI, 2018).) Improper eating patterns such as high intake of fat and sugar trigger obesity. Therefore, alternative snacks are needed to overcome obesity. The research method used was a one-factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two repetitions. Konnyaku formula is divided into 3, namely F1 (konnyaku flour: 2.5% and remaining orange juice 10.23%); F2 (konnyaku flour : 3,41% and the remaining orange juice 9,37%); and F3 (konnyaku flour: 4.26% and remaining orange juice 8.52%). The data analysis used in this study was analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncans Multiple Range Test (DMRT) follow-up analysis. Organoleptic test using Kruskal Wallis test. The selected formula was determined based on the exponential comparison method (MPE) which was then compared with the control formula using the pairing T test. The results of the analysis showed that the addition of the proportion of porang flour and orange juice residue had no significant effect on the chemical properties of water content (p=0.818); ash content (p=0.488); carbohydrate content (p=0.086); and dietary fiber content of konnyaku (p=0,988). There was no significant difference in the physical properties of gel strength (p=0.368) but in syneresis there was a significant difference (p=0.000). The results of the organoleptic test showed that there was a significant difference in the orange juice residue on color (p=0.002), texture (p=0.000), aroma (p=0.023), and taste (p=0.005).
Berdasarkan RISKESDAS 2018, tingkat kejadian obesitas di Indonesia mengalami peningkatan dari 10,5% (2007) hingga mencapai 21,8% (2018). (Kemenkes RI, 2018). Pola makan tidak tepat seperti asupan tinggi lemak dan gula memicu kejadian obesitas. Oleh karena itu diperlukan kudapan alternatif untuk mengatasi obesitas dari komoditas jelly yaitu konnyaku. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) satu faktor dengan dua kali pengulangan. Formula konnyaku dibedakan menjadi 3 dengan masing-masing tingkat presentase tepung konnyaku dengan residu jus jeruk adalah F1 (tepung konnyaku : 2,5% dan residu jus jeruk 10,23%); F2 (tepung konnyaku : 3,41% dan residu jus jeruk 9,37%); serta F3 (tepung konnyaku : 4,26% dan residu jus jeruk 8,52%). Analisis data yang digunakan penelitian ini adalah analisis ragam (ANOVA) dan analisis lanjutan Duncans Multiple Range Test (DMRT).Uji organoleptik menggunakan uji Kruskal Wallis. Penentuan formula terpilih dilakukan berdasarkan metode perbandingan eksponensial (MPE) yang kemudian dibandingkan dengan formula kontrol menggunakan uji pairing T test. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa penambahan proporsi tepung porang dan residu jus jeruk tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap sifat kimia kadar air (p=0.818); kadar abu (p=0,488); kadar karbohidrat (p=0,086); dan kadar serat pangan konnyaku(p=0,988). Hasil pada sifat fisik kekuatan gel tidak terdapat perbedaan nyata (p=0,368) namun pada sineresis terdapat perbedaan nyata (p=0,000). Hasil uji organoleptik menunjukan bahwa terdapat perbedaan nyata pada konnyaku residu jus jeruk terhadap warna (p=0.002), tekstur (p=0.000), aroma (p=0.023), dan rasa (p=0.005). Formulasi terpilih dari penelitian ini adalah konnyaku F1 karena memiliki produk dengan kadar serat pangan tertinggi, aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi, kekuatan gel tertinggi dan tingkat kesukaan (terdiri atas parameter warna, aroma, rasa dan tekstur) yang tinggi.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26877/jiphp.v5i2.8966
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