Aktivitas antibakteri isolat bakteri endofit daun pegagan (Centella asiatica) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus

Sembodho Edi Kurniawan; Mahyarudin Mahyarudin; Ambar Rialita

doi:10.26877/bioma.v10i1.7140

Aktivitas antibakteri isolat bakteri endofit daun pegagan (Centella asiatica) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus

Sembodho Edi Kurniawan, Mahyarudin Mahyarudin, Ambar Rialita

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Ancaman global pada kasus Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) membutuhkan alternatif penanganan dengan tanaman obat tradisional. Bakteri endofit pada tanaman pegagan (Centella asiatica) memiliki kemampuan menghasilkan senyawa metabolit sekunder bersifat antibakteri yang serupa dengan tanaman inangnya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri isolat bakteri endofit daun pegagan (C. asiatica) terhadap S. aureus. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif yaitu isolat bakteri endofit daun pegagan (C. asiatica) diujikan dengan metode difusi cakram terhadap S. aureus. Isolat yang paling berpotensi memiliki aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan uji metabolit untuk mengetahui senyawa antibakteri yang dihasilkan. Identifikasi bakteri endofit berdasarkan morfologi koloni, morfologi sel, dan uji biokimia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 2 dari 37 isolat memiliki aktivitas terhadap S. aureus dengan zona hambat sebesar 9,02 mm dan 15,9 mm. Isolat yang paling berpotensi memiliki aktivitas tertinggi yaitu isolat I2 dengan zona hambat sebesar 15,9 mm. Isolat I2 memiliki kemiripan dengan genus Bacillus dan kemampuan mengasilkan senyawa antibakteri seperti alkaloid, saponin dan terpenoid.

Kata kunci: antibakteri; bakteri endofit; Centella asiatica; Staphylococcus aureus

ABSTRACT

Antibacterial activity of endophytic bacteria isolate from pegagan leaves (Centella asiatica) against Staphylococcus aureus

The global threat in the case of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) requires alternative treatment using traditional medicinal plants. Endophytic bacteria found in Pegagan plants (Centella asiatica) have ability to produce secondary metabolites with antibacterial capabilities similar to their host plants. The purpose of this study is to determine the antibacterial activity of endophytic bacterial isolates of Pegagan (C. asiatica) against S. aureus. This study is a descriptive research where endophytic bacterial isolates of Pegagan leaves (C. asiatica) were tested with disk diffusion method against S. aureus. The most potential isolates with antibacterial activity were performed metabolites test to determine the antibacterial compounds produced. Endophytic bacteria identification based on colony morphology, cell morphology and biochemical tests. The results showed that 2 out of 37 isolates had activity against S. aureus with inhibition zone of 9,02 mm and 15.9 mm. The most potential isolate that has highest activity was I2 isolate with inhibition zone of 15.9 mm. Isolate I2 has similarities with the genus Bacillus and the ability to produce antibacterial compounds such as alkaloids, saponins and terpenoids.

Key words: antibacterial; Centella asiatica; endophytic bacteria; Staphylococcus aureus

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26877/bioma.v10i1.7140