CORRELATION BETWEEN CORRUPTION CRIMES AND THE PARTICIPATION OF CIVIL SERVANTS IN POLITICAL PARTIES

: Law on the Civil Servant regulates the neutrality of civil servants as free from the influence of interference from all groups and political parties. The participation of a civil servant as a member and/or administrator of a political party is one of a reason for imposing disciplinary punishment, i.e., dishonorable dismissal. In 2013 Bantul, it was found a civil servant in the Education Office had become the Chairman of the Branch Leadership Council of the Bulan Bintang Party Branch. Meanwhile, all rights a civil servant receives are paid from the taxes paid by citizens based on the State Revenue and Expenditure Budget. This research is doctrinal research using a conceptual approach. The results of this study indicate that civil servants who are members and/or administrators of political parties meet the elements of corruption because it is detrimental to state finances. A civil servant who wants to participate in a political party, must first apply for dismissal or be threatened with the most severe disciplinary punishment, i.e., dishonorably discharged. Provisions governing threats and punishments are an indication that a person may no longer obtain the inherent rights of civil servant status such as salary and benefits if he wants to participate in a political party. Thus, civil servants who are found to be members and/or administrators should be subject to administrative sanctions not only dishonorably dismissal but also the obligation to compensate for the loss of the state’s finances or economy and imposed with criminal sanctions


INTRODUCTION
In an effort to build public welfare and educate the nation's life, a government system is needed that supports the creation of excellent public service delivery.This service aims to meet the needs of every citizen through fulfilling the basic needs and civil rights of every citizen over public goods, public services, and administrative services.Excellent public service is the embodiment of the vision of Bureaucratic Reform, namely world-class government marked by quality public services.
Referring to Law Number 25 of 2009 concerning Public Services (hereinafter referred to as the Public Service Law) which explains that public service providers are any state administration institutions, corporations, independent institutions established by law for public service activities, and agencies other laws that are formed solely for public service activities.Thus, as executors of government duties, civil servants are one of the professions that are part of public service providers.This has also been explicitly regulated in Law Number 5 of 2014 concerning the State Civil Apparatus (hereinafter referred to as the State Civil Apparatus Law), which states that one of the functions of a Civil Servant is as a public servant.
In In general, public services are provided by taxes paid by citizens.That is, it needs to be understood that the facilities and rights enjoyed by civil servants such as buildings, equipment, and even salaries are sourced from taxes paid by citizens.Based on this framework, public services must be oriented towards meeting the satisfaction of service users, in this case citizens or the community.So neutrality is one of the issues or problems that often becomes a discourse on the implementation of civil servants' duties.
The State Civil Apparatus Law regulates neutrality in that civil servants must be free from the influence of interference from all groups and political parties.Even the participation of a civil servant as a member and/or administrator of a political party can be used as a reason for imposing disciplinary punishment in the form of dishonorable dismissal.To avoid this, it has been explained in Government Regulation Number 37 of 2004 concerning the Prohibition of Civil Servants to Become Members of Political Parties that a civil servant who wishes to become a member and/or administrator of a political party must first submit his resignation so that he can still obtain his rights in the form of honorable dismissal.
Looking at some reports such as those carried out in the Riau Islands (Adha and Rahmat, 2022), Wonogiri (Munanndar, 2022), andBantul (Pangribowo, 2022) it was found that civil servants were registered as members of political parties.Even so, based on the results of the actual verification process from the General Elections Commission, it was found that these civil servants had in fact never been members of a political party, but it was suspected that the registration of their membership was caused by filling out membership identity data carried out by the political party without the knowledge of the person concerned.
Reflecting on this phenomenon, a scenario is still possible where the membership of a civil servant is indeed something that is wanted and hidden by the party concerned.As happened in Bantul in 2013, based on the findings of the Bantul Election Supervisory Committee, a person who was still a civil servant at the Education Office had become Chair of the Executive Board of the Crescent Star Party Branch.(Ruslan, 2013) In connection with the fact that all rights received by a person originate from taxes paid by citizens based on the State Revenue and Expenditure Budget.So that in this paper we will discuss the criminal aspects of a civil servant who intentionally becomes a member and/or administrator of a political party without resigning first.
In Indonesia, regulations regarding the prohibition of civil servants from participating in political parties can be found since the Old Order era.The prohibition to become a member of a political party for civil servants is still mentioned, but it can be waived if there is written permission from a civil servant authorized official.New problems have arisen, particularly with regard to transparency and consistency in the issuance of written permits which tend to be used only to support certain parties.(Hartini, 2009) Entering the reform period, there was a political shift from previously centralized government, where control of development was in the hands of the central government, (Syaukani and Ryasid, 2002) to regional autonomy, namely the decentralization of tasks and authorities from the central government to regional governments so that, like during the Old Order, various kinds of political parties began to emerge again.(Sarnawa, 2018) This condition has revived sentiment that the neutrality of civil servants can be significantly affected.
To overcome these potential problems, several legal products have been drafted which focus on regulating the neutrality of civil servants.development, placement, promotion, payroll, welfare and dismissal.Thus, there is still the possibility for regional heads, as civil service development officials, to politicize the bureaucracy to influence civil servants in their environment to provide support to the political parties to which they are affiliated.(Sarnawa, 2018) In response to this problem, the government in 2014 promulgated Law Number 5 of 2014 concerning State Civil Apparatus which transferred the authority for management of civil servants to the Ministry of PANRB with consideration from the Ministry of Finance, and was technically regulated by the State Civil Service Agency (BKN).In substance, regarding the neutrality of civil servants, the ASN Law still maintains that the position of civil servants must be free from influence and intervention from all groups and political parties.
In Indonesia, this crime is specifically in Law Number 31 of 1999 which has been amended by Law no.20 of 2001 concerning the Eradication of Corruption (hereinafter referred to as the Corruption Law).In general, the internationally accepted definition of corruption as a criminal act is the abuse of public office for private gain.From this understanding it can be understood that the term corruption is an umbrella term used to categorize various kinds of acts.This can also be seen from the systematic structure of the Corruption Law which, rather than providing a general definition of criminal acts of corruption, explains element by element the acts that fall into the category of criminal acts of corruption.Looking at the article formulations, in total we can find thirty forms/types of criminal acts of corruption which can be grouped into: (KPK, 2006) 1.State financial losses, which consist of two actions, namely: a. Against the law to enrich oneself and can be detrimental to state finances (Article 2); b.Abusing authority to benefit oneself and can harm state finances.
2. Bribery, which consists of twelve acts, namely: f.Civil servants take over state land to the detriment of other people (Article 12 letter h).
6. Conflict of interest in court, which consists of one act: a. Civil servants participate in the procurement they manage (Article 12 letter i).
7. Gratification, which consists of 1 action: a. Civil servants received gratuities and did not report to the KPK (Article 12B in conjunction with Article 12C).

MAIN PROBLEM
Therefore, then the problem of Halal ṭayyib will further explained in a next few exposure.Where this journal will focus on the essence of the concept of the Halal ṭayyib at some products.Anything has revealed from al-Quran, Hadiṣ or at the ethics of Islam and the halal ṭayyib effect on human kindness.

METHOD OF RESEARCH
This research included in the qualitative study based on research literature (library research) [5].This research using means descriptive data dissemination and use mode of semiotic analysis method which is content analysis, where this research attempts to develop the information and used to deepen and enlarge existing knowledge.This research use the sociological approach, where this approach used to know and understand social trend pertaining to the existence of the concept of halal ṭayyib and how to solving the problem.The primary data from Indonesian Ulama's instructions about the halal terms of a product and Qur'an Hadiṡ as the main source of halal ṭayyib law.As for secondary data used are a few other literature which relate to halal ṭayyib terms, just like some journals and research about halal ṭayyib, some government regulations, and all the other several references that deals with this research

RESEARCH RESULT AND DISCUSSION 1. Terminology of Halal Tayyib
The term haram and halal, was found in al-Quran, Hadiṣ and used in various aspects.However, term halal and haram more used to the definition concerning food and drink.The word halal, according to languages derived from a root word ‫,)الحل(‬ that means ‫)االباحة(‬ that means all things allowed according to about the manner of syari'at .Because, what is called halal meals consisting of four types; compulsory law, sunah, mubah (everythings that allowed) and makruh (approaching haram).Then, not all food that would be halal have always in accordance with the condition of someone else.As well as in some cases, that certain foods halal and good for the other, but not for those who have anything against for his health condition.Those some of the things but not nutritive, then the food is not ṭayyib.[8] As for the definition of ṭayyib according to the Jawad Alzeer

The Process of Halal Sertification in Indonesia
As the fulfillment of the rights of consumers, including muslim consumers in Indonesia, then formed the halal assurance system (Sistem Jaminan Halal).The halal assurance system (SJH) is a developed management system, applied and maintained by a halal certificate holding company to sustain production process allowed in accordance with the provisions LPPOM MUI (assessment of food, cosmetics and drugs) MUI.[12] As for halal certification is a process of acquiring a halal certificate through some stages, as evidence that the ingredients, production and process as well as meet the standard LPPOM MUI.
In Halal assurance system of a product, then there is the following factors: a) Audits The investigation process independent, systematic and functional which useful to determine whether the activity and the outer part consistent with the objectives of planned.b) Auditor's LPPOM MUI The auditors are appointed by LPPOM MUI after passing through the selection process, competence the quality and the integration, where's this auditor assigned to carry out an audit lawful.In addition, the auditor also has role as the representative of the Ulama' and witnesses to see and find the fact halal products activities in a company.[

Legal Basis of Halal Ṭayyib
Legal Basis of halal ṭayyib, derived from two sources: a) Positive Law Before the establishment of the lawful, coverage act of there are some rules that have governed consumer protection for Moslem Indonesian citizens.Some of them are: 1) Of the act no.8 / 1999 about consumer protection One of them is, as is the case that is listed in paragraph 3 of case 4 on the rights of consumers, that consumers is entitled to the right information, clear and honest about the condition of and assurance goods and / or services.[20] For from the case, so he made by MUI, halal certification as a form of protection and legal certainty for the rights of consumers to products that are not allowed.[21] 2) Of the act no.41 / 2014 about animal husbandry and animal health.3) Of the act no.18 / 2012 about food The country holds, food security through ensuring the halal for required.[22] Assurance products permissible done under the government and regional government as well as conducted in accordance with the provisions of the legislations.[23] Therefore, the government and regional governments create synergy, availability affordability and meeting the food consumption, adequate food, safe nutritious food and quality.Balanced.This is meant to ensure the availability of food, remain stable, hygienic high-quality and do not conflict with religious, beliefs and culture community.So, related to the guarantee food for halal values, food so that is the responsibility of the central government and the regions to monitor the application of social security schemes and products.[24] Then regarding the halal labeling, food producers must include halal label with the provisions of written or printed use Indonesian.[25] The statement contained information in it.[26] Every food manufacturer that promotes (advertise) their food products with a halal statement, they must take responsibility for it.[27] 4) Government regulation no 95/2012 about veteriner public health and welfare of animals.In which there is a variety of provisions on how pace process, sacrifice up to gives certification lawful on processed animal.[28] 5 According to Hamka al-Azhar interpretation, paragraph 114 in surah an-Nahl is seen as a reminder from for as a hunger (both in the future and in the after the hunger).This is in paragraph before paragraph 113, explained about azab has come to them only who's not grateful with put them with hunger.In this case, men recommended to the sorting of food which halal and ṭayyib.[43] Cases Halal ṭayyib can be found on the broiler chicken.In broiler chicken , there was no doubt for halal value of food problems, but there are several opinions and the results of research and attention that the existence of some excess content in it, So it needs to reassess the about it.Like if in husbandry broiler chicken, so in which there is some procedure who do not excecuted in accordance with applicable regulations and SOP who is not applied as should.
As is the case, the process that is not right, so it would lead to create road access to the city for microorganisms as was the case with bacteria to break into in the fibers of meat that is open.In addition, a temperature that is not adjusted as it should to the meat locker, then it will expedite the growth of bacteria.It is stated that, bacterial population will be quickly developing doubly in temperature 25°C-30°C every minute.In addition, broiler chicken also has a few weaknesses, which it makes broiler chicken farmers must be extra careful and painstaking.These broiler chicken farmers are required to be more vulnerable to an infectious disease.Creating conducive for broiler chicken is also prioritized, for the type of chicken difficult to be able to adapt, but various opinions is contradicted by the research sustainable, that if all these problems can be overcome when to apply the principle of halal ṭayyib and also comply with existing SOP.
Some things that can be done is as follows (it is the result has been done against broiler chickens with a different variable condition enclosure); 1) Control of the condition of the cage.
A condition that must be considered starts from cage lighting conditions, and air circulation can inout at cage.Laundering home as well as equipment feed also need to be considered.
2) Administering vaccine at regular intervals to livestock.Type of Vaccine given during the research is, vaccines and antibiotics for broiler chicken.The vaccine is Gumboro vaccine.The result of some variable, is this different that absolute enclosure in the range 24°C-25°C with optimal level of growth, an enclosure that is gets warmer compared to 30°C-31°C.It is because of the increase in performance breathing apparatus used in chicken to overcome the increase of temperature in cage.
If the performance of respiratory has increased, then the energy used has been improving.But, increased use of energy was not is directly proportional to the level of consumption in their feedstock.This caused by the factors that said, that high temperature would slow down chicken production, where indirectly that led to the consumption of feed there was deficiency various food substances.
4) Variation of Feed Variable different degree, there is several species of feed given (type feed is also adapted to age development chicken): a) First cage, the chicken was 1-20 day feed given is MS-42.Next, at the age of ke-21 then feed given MS-44.b) Second cage, a kind of food given at cocks who is 1-7 day is S-10.As for the age of 7-20 feed given S-11.In this phase the last 21 up age, feed given S-12 is the type.There is special note, where in rainy day and feed given is S-12GL which feed the drug is contained.c) Third cage, at the age of 0-14 day feed MS-40, for chicken was 14-28 day feed MS-42.And when days until age 28 harvest, so feed given is the type ms-44.
The provision of feed in accordance with their needs and energy protein content, will is directly proportional to the level of consumption feed.When the energy in the feed high, then consumption will feed down, but otherwise, then consumption will feed high to fulfill energy less.
At this point, we can see that when we fulfill standards in husbandry broiler chicken in accordance with the and are sprouting poultry the chickens, then all ill effects which is in broiler chicken can be handled well.
And value halal ṭayyib in this case, can be found at how the manner of the livestock owners treats animals their flocks (the broiler chickens) in a good way.So, cattle produced to reach Halal ṭayyib value, which safe for consumed by society.
In all this research, exposure it can be seen that this concept of halal ṭayyib having broad.Study.The concept of halal ṭayyib not only centered on matters relating to food or drink, but also could be applied to people how to process everything was halal and having the better values (ṭayyib).As is the case in consumed the food and drink, so in the interest of human life better have to take all aspects of a whole the products .Start of how a product are, the processing, until the products are ready to be consumed .So when a the products to be consumed and all are could be more accounted for.The community can guaranteed his health, security and all their rights as the consumer will protected.Because the products have been guaranteed in nutritional content until the hygienic.Therefore, the products could be described as a product that is worth halal ṭayyib.

CONCLUSION
Based on ranges exposure on, it can be concluded that: 1) Not all of the halal products are good (ṭayyib).Because, the definition of halal not be limited on an opponent said of laws forbidden (haram In addition, standardization halal from MUI has also been based on some legislation and several other government regulations that the law legal in the eyes of a state law.For that reasons, all the products intended for the consumer (generally) and Moslems (in particular) must follow that the religious advices commisstion of the several that has been set by Ulama' from the institute of Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI).
4) The concept of halal and ṭayyib, very have a tremendous impact in sustainability consumerism to the community.All this to be well as guaranteed quality, so will bring everything in values a better life.
As is the case, in a case study broiler chicken on exposure as mentioned above, where when the animal cattle treated as well as it should and will produce a product that worth halal and good (ṭayyib).So far, many people are still think the concept of the halal would have containing something which is good (ṭayyib).And should be, about kindness of a product are required to pass all the validation from the appropriate authorities in the field.
When a product has been declared halal and ṭayyib, so the society as the consumer will be avoid many of maḍarat (bad things).The state as the fuselage of the main protector of the citizens, would fulfill theisr obligations to give the best for its citizens and generation his people.

. Standardization of Ṭayyib Food
in his journal which "Rational and Practical Aspects of Halal and Tayyib in the Context of Food Safety", in Arabic means clean and natural.has a ṭayyib value, is food has some of the properties of nature is made clear in al-Qur'an as follows: a) Healthy food, having enough nutrients and balanced.