Studi Q-EEG: Analisis Konektivitas Fungsional Otak Pada Anak Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Nita Handayani, M Pangestu

Abstract


Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) mengacu pada gangguan perkembangan syaraf yang ditandai dengan adanya kesulitan komunikasi sosial dan perilaku yang berulang. Kondisi pada penderita ASD ini berkaitan dengan gangguan konektivitas fungsional dan struktural otak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis perubahan konektivitas fungsional otak dengan menggunakan metode quantitative electroencephalography (Q-EEG). Parameter fisis yang dikaji berupa fase sinkronisasi sinyal (phase sycronization) yang terdiri dari besaran Phase-Lag Index (PLI) dan weighted Phase-Lag Index (wPLI). Perekaman sinyal otak menggunakan Emotiv Epoc 14-elektroda (AF3, F7, F3, FC5, T7, P7, O1, O2, P8, T7, FC6, F4, F8, AF4) dan 2-elektroda referensi (CMS dan DRL). Subjek uji terdiri dari anak penderita ASD dan anak normal masing-masing sebanyak lima anak dengan rentang usia 10-15 tahun. Tahapan penelitian meliputi perekaman sinyal EEG, pre-processing data, dan pengolahan data. Analisis nilai PLI dan wPLI dilakukan pada lima rentang frekuensi gelombang otak (delta, theta, alpha, beta dan gamma). Berdasarkan hasil analisis perhitungan nilai PLI dan wPLI menunjukkan adanya penurunan konektivitas fungsional otak pada anak ASD di semua pita frekuensi. Penurunan konektivitas fungsional pada anak ASD yang signifikan berdasarkan hasil uji statistik, terjadi pada area otak intra-hemisphere kanan untuk frekuensi alpha.

 

Kata kunci: Autism Spectrum Disorder, EEG, konektivitas fungsional otak, PLI, wPLI


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26877/lpt.v2i1.14784

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