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Dinamika Perkembangan Moral Dan Perbedaan Individual Peserta Didik Sekolah Dasar Di Era Digital: Sebuah Studi Literatur
Abstract
Transformasi digital dalam pendidikan dasar menghadirkan tantangan etis yang kompleks dan risiko degradasi moral pada peserta didik usia 6–12 tahun. Systematic Literature Review (SLR) ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dinamika perkembangan moral dan perbedaan individual peserta didik sekolah dasar di era digital. Menggunakan protokol PRISMA, sepuluh artikel yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2016 hingga 2025 dipilih dari database ScienceDirect, Taylor & Francis, dan Google Scholar. Data dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis isi yang meliputi reduksi, penyajian, dan sintesis data. Temuan menunjukkan korelasi kuat (r=0,72) antara literasi digital dan perilaku etis, sementara penggunaan gawai yang berlebihan (2–12 jam/hari) memicu ketidakstabilan emosi. Meskipun teori klasik dari Kohlberg dan Bandura mampu menjelaskan pola kognitif dan imitasi, kerangka Digital Ethics of Care (DEC) sangat esensial untuk menumbuhkan empati. Lebih lanjut, perbedaan individual seperti gender, kondisi geografis, dan gaya mediasi orang tua secara signifikan memoderasi lintasan moral, di mana mediasi proaktif melalui strategi "THINK" terbukti lebih efektif dibandingkan pendekatan restriktif. Sebagai kesimpulan, perkembangan moral di era digital memerlukan integrasi literasi digital yang komprehensif, kematangan emosional, dan lingkungan yang mendukung melalui mediasi proaktif yang terpersonalisasi untuk membangun kemandirian moral.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26877/jsip.v6i1.26470
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